Intervals & Scales
• If a major interval is raised by a half step, it becomes augmented.
• If a major interval is lowered by a half step, it becomes minor.
• If a major interval is lowered by 2 half steps, it becomes diminished.
• If a minor interval is raised by a half step, it becomes major.
• If a minor interval is raised by 2 half steps, it becomes augmented.
• If a minor interval is lowered by a half step, it becomes diminished.
• If a perfect interval is raised by a half step, it becomes augmented.
• If a perfect interval is lowered by a half step, it becomes diminished.
Inversion of Intervals: Normally, intervals can be inverted, which specially means you turn them upside down.
| Qualities |
Size |
| • Major becomes Minor |
• 2 becomes 7 |
| • Minor becomes Major |
• 3 becomes 6 |
| • Perfect remains Perfect |
• 4 becomes 5 |
| • Augmented becomes Diminished |
• 5 becomes 4 |
| • Diminished becomes Augmented |
• 6 becomes 3 |
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Scales: There are various types of scales and a major scale is a series of eight consecutive notes that use the following pattern of half & whole steps.
Minor Scales come in 3 forms: Natural, Melodic, & Harmonic.
• Natural Minor: scales use the following pattern of half & whole steps.
• Melodic Minor scales ascend & use the following pattern of half & whole steps.
• Harmonic Minor: scales use the following pattern of half & whole steps.
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